Food Dyes: Should They Be Banned?

This podcast was aired on the Weekends with Joanne Vrakas show on CJAD on April 26th 2025.

Lately, food dyes have been making headlines, particularly in the United States, where regulators are reconsidering their use. But why now? Have we suddenly discovered new dangers? And where does Canada stand on this issue?

As a registered dietitian, I get these questions often. Let’s explore what’s happening.

Why Is the U.S. Moving to Ban Certain Food Dyes?

Food dyes have long been used to make processed foods more appealing—bright colors in candies, cereals, and drinks can be part of the fun of eating. However, concerns about potential health effects have prompted new discussions.

In January 2025, the U.S. banned Red Dye No. 3 after researchers found evidence linking it to cancer in some animals. While other dyes have been deemed safe in the past, growing concerns about their long-term impact on health have led to calls for stricter regulations.

Where Does Canada Stand?

Currently, Health Canada has no plans to change food dye regulations. Some manufacturers in Canada have voluntarily switched to fruit-based dyes, but the majority of artificial food dyes still remain legal here.

That being said, Canada has already banned Orange B and Red No. 2, and regulations governing the use of food dyes are stricter than those in the U.S.—including how much can be used in food products. However, as science evolves, regulations may too.

It’s important to recognize that food laws differ between countries. If you hear about food policies in the U.S., take the time to research what’s happening in Canada before making assumptions.

Why Not Just Switch to Fruit-Based Dyes?

Some companies have tried. For example, General Mills in the U.S. once replaced synthetic dyes in their Trix cereal with fruit and vegetable-based colors. Consumers didn’t like the change—the colors were dull, and the taste and texture felt different. Sales declined, and within two years, the company reverted to its original formula, synthetic dyes included.

What About ADHD? Are Food Dyes to Blame?

ADHD is a complex condition influenced by a variety of factors, including genetics, gut microbiota, and environmental triggers. While some studies suggest a possible link between food dyes and increased hyperactivity in some children with ADHD, research remains inconclusive.

A review of 25 studies found that 16 showed a potential connection between artificial dyes and hyperactivity, while 9 found no effect. Some studies suggested a dose response, meaning small amounts didn’t impact symptoms, but higher consumption might.

However, most of these studies had very small sample sizes, making it difficult to draw strong conclusions.

How Can You Reduce Your Intake of Food Dyes?

One approach is the 80/20 rule—aim for 80% of your diet to be full of nutrient-rich foods, and let 20% be for enjoyment. Since most artificially dyed foods fall into that indulgence category (think candy, soda, and red velvet cake), moderation is key.

To minimize food dye consumption, take a close look at how much and how often you consume highly processed, artificially colored foods. If sweets and sodas are occasional treats rather than everyday staples, you’re already reducing your intake significantly.

Do "Healthy" Foods Contain Artificial Dyes?

Yes! Some products with a "health halo"—such as flavored water drops, sports drinks, and gelatin—still contain artificial dyes. That’s why reading ingredient labels is crucial.

Look for terms like "color," "natural colors," or specific dye names, such as Green No. 3.

What Can You Do Next?

Now that you know more about food dyes and the ongoing discussions around them, consider taking these steps:

✅ Check your labels – Look for artificial dyes in ingredient lists and decide whether they fit into your 80/20 approach.✅ Stay informed – As research evolves, food regulations may change too. Keep an eye on updates from Health Canada.✅ Share your thoughts – Have you adjusted your diet based on concerns about food dyes? Do you notice a difference? Comment below and let's discuss!

Together, we can make informed decisions about what we eat.